X-Nico

100 unusual facts about DNA


2011 Nairobi pipeline fire

He also reported that most bodies taken to the mortuary were burnt beyond recognition and would require DNA tests to confirm their identities.

Abelson murine leukemia virus

As a retrovirus, it has a single-stranded, positive sense RNA genome which replicates via a DNA intermediate mediated by a reverse transcriptase.

African forest elephant

The DNA tests, however, indicated the two populations were much more different than previously believed.

Aimee Willard

With DNA evidence, her killer was identified as ex-convict Arthur Bomar, who was charged with and convicted of her murder.

Alkyl phosphate

For example, high energy metabolites such as ATP and PEP are alkyl phosphates, as are nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA.

Amy Mihaljevic

Bay Village police collected DNA samples from several potential suspects in the case in December 2006.

An End to the Means

It is not a match to her own DNA but a paternal match to a man named Mohammed Khan.

Andrew Vachss

He's so committed to his family of choice—not his DNA-biological family, which tortured him, or the state which raised him, but the family that he chose—that homicide is a natural consequence of injuring any of that family.

Asarum

Study of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, combined with morphological data, have yielded a better-resolved phylogenetic hypothesis, confirming the distinctiveness of the above-named genera.

Assassination of Rafic Hariri

On 18 December 2006, a progress report by former head of the investigation, Serge Brammertz, indicated that DNA evidence collected from the crime scene suggests that the assassination might be the act of a young male suicide bomber.

Asuragen

Offerings include RNA, MicroRNA and DNA based molecular diagnostic products providing identification of genetic abnormalities associated with oncology and genetic diseases.

Awesome Android

A synthesis of ape DNA and unstable molecules incorporated into an almost indestructible body with a microcomputer and a solar-power source, the newly christened Awesome Android is directed against the Fantastic Four, although the superhero team defeats both the Android and the Thinker.

Bathsheba Grossman

Her website also has crystals that have been laser etched with three-dimensional patterns, including models of nearby stars, the DNA macromolecule, and the Milky Way Galaxy.

Bavarian State Police

One day later the murderer was arrested through a DNA analysis match and sentenced to life imprisonment.

Bendamustine

It acts as an alkylating agent causing intra-strand and inter-strand cross-links between DNA bases.

Brisbane River cod

All naturally occurring Maccullochella cod in east coast drainages ultimately originate from Murray cod, Maccullochella peelii that entered an east coast river system, likely the Clarence, via a natural river capture event somewhere between 0.62 and 1.62 million years ago (mean estimate 1.1 million years ago), as estimated by DNA divergence rates.

Bronze Soldier of Tallinn

The initial DNA analysis revealed 11 male and 1 female among those 12 found at the site.

Buddleja crispa

Until DNA analysis can prove otherwise, it is this classification which is accepted here.

Canna speciosa

speciosa to be a synonym of C. indica L., however, Tanaka's DNA assays demonstrate that the C. indica complex can be clearly distinguished from other taxa, as a result he recognises this as a separate species.

Cerebritis

The immune complexes, which consist of DNA and anti-DNA, cause an inflammatory response as well as a disruption of the blood–brain barrier.

Cetus Corporation

Before merging with another company in 1991, it developed several significant pharmaceutical drugs as well as a revolutionary DNA amplification technique.

Citation index

In an early study in 1964 of the use of Citation Analysis in writing the history of DNA, Garfield and Sher demonstrated the potential for generating historiographs, topological maps of the most important steps in the history of scientific topics.

Cleomaceae

These genera were previously included in the family Capparaceae, but were raised to a distinct family when DNA evidence suggested that the genera included in it are more closely related to Brassicaceae than they are to Capparaceae.

Colostrinin

A 2006 study published in the Journal of Experimental Therapeutics and Oncology indicated that Colostrinin may have an impact on the aging process by reducing the spontaneous or induced mutation frequency in the DNA of cells.

Cytarabine

Cytosine normally combines with a different sugar, deoxyribose, to form deoxycytidine, a component of DNA.

Day of the Dead 2: Contagium

Donwynn receives a video reply from Jerry, who tells him not to open the thermos, and that it contains a deadly virus that mutates human DNA and he tells Sam he plans to visit the hospital the next day.

Dex Hamilton: Alien Entomologist

It is eventually revealed that Zap was created to be a powerful weapon by an evil scientist who used his own DNA to create Zap's human side.

DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000

The DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 (H.R. 4640, 42 U.S.C. 14135 et seq.) is a United States Act of Congress that primarily allows U.S. States to carry out DNA analyses for use in the FBI's Combined DNA Index System and to collect and analyse DNA samples.

DNA-directed RNA interference

Classified as an orphan disease, there is currently no therapy for OPMD, caused by a mutation in the poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1) gene.

Doxander vittatus

The cladogram was based on DNA sequences of both nuclear histone H3 and mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) protein-coding gene regions.

Endospore

The core contains the spore chromosomal DNA which is encased in chromatin-like proteins known as SASPs (small acid-soluble spore proteins), that protect the spore DNA from UV radiation and heat.

Fever Abduction

It has the possible theory of a DNA transfer from the alien intelligence to human bodies.

Forensic Services

The Evidence Recovery Unit provides chemical treatment prior to fingerprint, DNA and firearms examinations and use of specialised photographic lighting techniques.

George Poinar, Jr.

In 1992 a team consisting of Poinar, his wife, his son Hendrik, and Dr. Raúl J. Cano of California Polytechnic State University successfully extracted insect DNA from a Lebanese weevil in amber that was 125 million years old, but more recent studies of ancient DNA cast doubt on the results.

He is known for popularizing the idea of extracting DNA from insects fossilized in amber, an idea which received widespread attention when adapted by Michael Crichton for the book and movie Jurassic Park.

GWAS Central

It was first released in August 1998, focusing on providing a centralized collection of known human single nucleotide polymorphisms and other simple DNA variants.

Gypsy horse

All American registries, including the International Drum Horse Association below, employ the Animal Genetics Research Laboratory of the University of Kentucky as the repository of their registered horses' DNA markers.

HIST1H2BH

Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes.

Homo

The nuclear DNA results indicate about 30% of derived alleles in H. sapiens are also in the Neanderthal lineage.

Hourman

Another Hourman, an android from the 853rd century that was modeled on Rex Tyler's DNA, served with both the Justice League and the Justice Society for a time.

Hydroxyl

When biological systems are exposed to hydroxyl radicals, they can cause damage to cells, including those in humans, where they react with DNA, lipids, and proteins.

Hymenaea protera

In 1993, chloroplast DNA dated at 35-40 million years old was extracted from the leaf of H.

Both morphology and DNA studies have revealed that H. protera was more closely related to the only species of Hymenaea remaining in East Africa than to the more numerous American species.

Ian Gallagher

The truth is uncovered when Ian undergoes DNA testing in hopes of proving that Frank is not his biological father.

Iron Helix

No longer recognized due to the changes in their DNA, the O'Briens security robot, simply known as "the Ship's Defender", assumes they are invaders and kills them.

Israel Jefferson

Following additional late 20th-century historical analysis by Annette Gordon-Reed, among others, and a DNA study in 1998 that disproved the Carr claim and showed a match between the Jefferson male line and an Eston Hemings' descendant, the scholarship has changed dramatically.

In 1998, a DNA study helped to confirm his account, as it showed a match between the Jefferson male line and a descendant of Eston Hemings, the youngest son.

Jayne Furlong

Her remains were discovered buried deep under a sand dune at Sunset Beach in Port Waikato on 19 May 2012, being identified by DNA.

John Abelson

His work has made possible an understanding of how genomic DNA can be converted to both messenger RNA and transfer RNA, particularly when there are introns present in the genome.

John N. Reeve

He is well known as the discoverer of archaea histones, small DNA-binding proteins which are the precursors of histones in eukaryotes, as evidenced by his many published articles.

Joyce Gilchrist

Gilchrist earned the nickname "Black Magic" for her ability to match DNA evidence that other forensic examiners could not.

Karst Hoogsteen

Karst Hoogsteen is famous in the biochemistry world for noting a new base pairing form in DNA, now called Hoogsteen base pairs.

Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment

The Center has a Regional Facility for Genetic Fingerprinting, which provides DNA analysis services for forensic and criminal investigations, paternity disputes, identification of wildlife remains, authentication of plants and seeds besides a battery of molecular diagnostics for genetic and infectious diseases.

Kerry Babies Tribunal

In 2004, Joanne Hayes offered to undergo DNA testing to establish that she was not the mother of the baby on the beach.

Kid Amazo

As Amazo, merely an advanced robot, failed, the next approach would be to cross bio-mechanical material from Amazo's body with human ova and DNA, in order to obtain a cyborg being who would exhibit the best traits of both human and artificial life.

Kting voar

All supposed kting voar specimens that were subject to DNA analysis to date have turned out to be artificially shaped cattle horns (Hassanin et al., 2001; Thomas, Seveau, and Hassanin, 2001; Hassanin, 2002).

Life on Titan

In October 2010, Sarah Horst of the University of Arizona reported finding the five nucleotide bases—building blocks of DNA and RNA—among the many compounds produced when energy was applied to a combination of gases like those in Titan's atmosphere.

Madison Hemings

1998 DNA tests demonstrate a match between the Y-chromosome of a descendant of his brother, Eston Hemings Jefferson, and that of the male Jefferson line.

Based on historical and DNA evidence, historians widely agree that Jefferson was likely the father of all Hemings' children.

Magnoliaceae

The development of DNA sequencing at the end of the twentieth century had a profound impact on the research of phylogenetic relationships within the family.

Marina Kulik

Marina Johanna Kulik (The Hague, July 13, 1956) is a Dutch painter, known for her lively portrait paintings in aquarelle and for her poetic and original abstracts, all inspired by 'the mystery of life' - the MyDNA series, with chromosomes, cells, DNA and fingerprints.

Marine bacteriophage

Marine phages, although microscopic and essentially unnoticed by scientists until recently, appear to be the most abundant and diverse form of DNA replicating agent on the planet.

Mary Brown Bullock

The biggest structural achievement during Bullock's reign was the $36.5 million Science Center that includes a three-story length painting of Agnes Scott's actual DNA, along with state-of-the-art equipment in all the labs.

Mass Effect 2: Kasumi - Stolen Memory

After getting samples of Hock's DNA from his private quarters, recording a sample of his voice, and disabling the vault's defenses, Kasumi and Shepard infiltrate the vault.

Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis

Anthropologically-interesting human remains often have relatively well preserved skeletons, but no soft tissues or intact DNA.

Melamine cyanurate

Melamine and cyanuric acid form a jigsaw puzzle-like two-dimensional hydrogen bonding network because of the complementarity of the two compounds, similar to DNA base pairing.

The complex is held together by an extensive two-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds between the two compounds, reminiscent to that seen in DNA base pairing.

Mendocino County GMO Ban

GMOs are commonly considered to be any organism whose DNA has been modified by human intervention.

Mitchell R. Morrissey

In 2008, Morrissey was the first District Attorney in the United States to develop and implement familial DNA searching to solve cold cases.

Murder of Glenn Kopitske

Lawyers suggested that DNA evidence suggested the theory that Hirte killed Kopitske just to see if he could get away with it was not true.

Myxozoa

As their distinct nature became clear through 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing, they were relocated in the metazoa.

Ottis Toole

The police did not reveal any new physical evidence and pointed out that they still had no DNA evidence.

Oxamniquine

Oxamniquine is a semisynthetic tetrahydroquinoline and possibly acts by DNA binding, resulting in contraction and paralysis of the worms and eventual detachment from terminal venules in the mesentry, and death.

Pallid sturgeon

To better protect the pallid sturgeon from extinction, research on its DNA and that of other closely related species was conducted to assess the differences within various populations of pallid sturgeon, and the differences between pallid and shovelnose sturgeon.

Peter Dupas

With Dupas in custody, police were able to obtain a DNA sample, linking him to the 1997 murder of Maher.

Petuvirus

The genus Petuvirus belongs to the family Caulimoviridae and is classified under group VII DNA reverse transcribing viruses.

Pittsburgh Gifted Center

Some of these classes may further expand on a subject for traditional school (for example, there is a Genetics class that goes into greater depth in the study of DNA than normal school classes) or they may deal with a radically different subject (for example, one teacher has trigonometry course).

Radiobiology evidence for protons and HZE nuclei

Heavy-ion-induced effects on telomere stability have also been studied using siRNA (small interfering ribonucleic acid) knockdown for components of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) in human lymphoblasts.

Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics

The Randall continues the tradition of Biophysics at King’s established by Sir John Randall, which produced the studies of the structure of DNA by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.

Ray Krone

On April 8, 2002, Krone left prison after DNA evidence proved that he did not murder the victim.

Royal Saxon tomb in Prittlewell

The acidic sandy soil had completely dissolved the body's bones, and any other bone in the tomb, but some pieces of human teeth were found, but too far affected by decay for DNA to be found in them.

Saskatchewan Research Council

SRC’s GenServe Laboratories carry out DNA-based testing for plants, cattle and other livestock.

SAT Subject Test in Biology E/M

There are more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on the E test and molecular concepts such as DNA structure, translation, and biochemistry on the M test.

Skinner v. Switzer

The case concerns the route by which a prisoner may obtain biological DNA material for testing, to challenge his conviction; whether through a civil rights suit or a habeas corpus petition.

Snow Leopard Conservancy

This is done using remote camera traps, fecal DNA sampling and GPS-satellite collars to study movements and corridor analysis to find areas to target for conservation efforts.

Spectrophotometer for Nucleic Acid Measurements

Analysis of nucleic acids is commonly performed to determine the average concentrations of DNA or RNA present in a mixture, as well as their purity.

Spumavirus

The virions contain significant amounts of double-stranded full-length DNA, and assembly is rather unusual in these viruses.

Steroid hormone

Once in the nucleus, the steroid-receptor ligand complex binds to specific DNA sequences and induces transcription of its target genes.

Sulfonyl halide

In the episode "Encyclopedia Galactica" of his TV series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, Carl Sagan speculates that some intelligent extraterrestrial beings might have a genetic code based on polyaromatic sulfonyl halides instead of DNA.

Swona

Because of this, DNA samples have been taken, from the ears of some of the cattle that died.

SYBR Green I

The SYBR green in the sample binds to the herring sperm DNA and, once bound, fluoresces giving off green light when illuminated by blue light.

The Pirate Bay raid

Mikael Viborg, the legal advisor to The Pirate Bay, was arrested at his apartment, brought in for questioning, forced to submit a DNA sample and had his electronic equipment seized.

Topotecan

Topoisomerase-I is a nuclear enzyme that relieves torsional strain in DNA by opening single strand breaks.

Transmission of hepadnaviruses

Hepadnaviruses are Group VII viruses that possess double-stranded DNA genomes and replicate using reverse transcriptase.

Ukiah Oregon

He has a remarkable ability to track people and sense the details of a subject's DNA, which he attributes to his lupine upbringing.

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

The concept is based on the ability of ultraviolet light to kill infectious agents by disrupting their DNA.

Venture Smith

During the summer of 2006 and with permission from over a dozen of his descendants, scientists dug up Smith's grave to look for artifacts and take DNA samples from Venture Smith's remains to be compared with DNA from communities on the west coast of Africa in an effort to understand Smith's history and background better.

Yeast flocculation

Yeast are capable of forming three aggregates; mating aggregates, for DNA exchange; chain formation; and flocs as a survival strategy in adverse conditions (Calleja, 1987).

Yongchang County

A DNA test was conducted in early 2007 in the attempt to find genetic evidence supporting this claim.

Yusuf Bey

Oakland's district attorney's office claimed to have conclusive DNA evidence identifying Bey as the father.


Avian sarcoma leukosis virus

Much debate in the scientific community surrounded this issue until DNA integration was demonstrated by Temin in 1968 and reverse transcriptase was independently discovered by both Temin and David Baltimore in 1970.

Benzopyrene

Especially the mechanism of action of benzo(a)pyrene-related DNA modification is well investigated and relates to the activity of cytochrome P450 subclass 1A1 (CYP1A1).

Bernd Brinkmann

In 2000, Brinkmann together with Jean-Jacques Cassiman used DNA testing to prove that Louis XVII of France who died in captivity as a 10-year-old was indeed the son of Louis XVI of France and Marie Antoinette.

Blue Mounds State Park

The case went unsolved for six years until May 2007 when, in a routine check of DNA samples of prison inmates in South Dakota, police found a match with DNA samples gathered from the crime scene.

Cancer genome sequencing

The Sanger Institute's Cancer Genome Project, first funded in 2005, focuses on DNA sequencing.

Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Hyderabad

Among other scientific examination facilities the laboratory also provides the facilities for DNA examination and cyber forensics.

Cornell Chimes

However, subsequent morphological, chemical, and DNA analysis by faculty members and undergraduates confirmed that it was indeed a pumpkin.

Cruciform

DNA can undergo transitions to form a cruciform shape, otherwise known as a Holliday junction.

Desi DNA

In 2004 Desi DNA received the Best Lifestyle Programme award from the Royal Television Society.

Dissociation curve

Melting curve analysis, a biochemical technique relying on heat-dependent dissociation between two DNA strands

DNA polymerase delta

DNA polymerase delta is an enzyme complex found in eukaryotes that is involved in DNA replication and repair, and it consists of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), the multisubunit replication factor C, and the 4 subunit polymerase complex: POLD1, POLD2, POLD3, and POLD4.

DnaX

The eukaryotic equivalent to the DNA clamp loader is Replication Factor C, which is encoded by RFC1, RFC2, RFC3, RFC4, and RFC5.

HHV

Herpesviridae, a family of DNA viruses that cause diseases in humans and animals

Hugo Van Heuverswyn

He obtained a chemistry degree at University of Ghent in 1971, and he obtained a Ph.D. at the Department of Molecular Biology, under Prof. Walter Fiers, where together with his colleagues, he determined for the first time the structure and regulatory mechanisms of a complete viral DNA genome: the virus SV40.

Japanese-Jewish common ancestry theory

Researcher and author Jon Entine emphasizes that DNA evidence excludes the possibility of significant links between Japanese and Jews.

Julius Ruffin and Arthur Lee Whitfield

Whitfield was released by Virginia authorities in August 2004, when a Norfolk prosecutor said DNA evidence proved Whitfield did not commit the two rapes.

Lil' Miss murder

Entering the DNA profile into law enforcement's CODIS database got a hit showing that it belonged to Dale Wayne Eaton, 57, of Moneta, Wyoming, who, at the time, was incarcerated in Englewood federal prison at Littleton, Colorado, on an unrelated weapons charge.

Linear dichroism

The predominant use of LD currently is in the study of bio-macromolecules (e.g. DNA) as well as synthetic polymers.

Mark Griep

Griep studies the proteins that synthesize DNA, namely primase and DnaB helicase.

Maurice Wilkins

At King's College Wilkins pursued, among other things, x-ray diffraction work on ram sperm and DNA that had been obtained from calf thymus by the Swiss scientist Rudolf Signer.

Michael Brown Okinawa assault incident

On March 13, an Okinawan newspaper reported that the JNP had matched DNA taken from saliva on the victim's upper body with DNA in a blood sample obtained from Brown during the investigation.

MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians

In 2007, Wilford Taylor, the Chief of the MOWA Choctaw Indians, agreed to participate in a DNA autosomal test that would map his genes, as part of the Genographic Project administered by the National Geographic Society.

Murder of Sally Anne Bowman

In October 2006, Dixie's DNA was sent to Western Australia to be tested against that of the DNA evidence in the Claremont serial killer case between 1996 and 1997, as it is believed he was in the area at the time of the killings, and may have committed them.

Painted swellshark

Genetic data showed this shark to be distinct from the two Australian species, and it was described in a 2008 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) publication by Peter Last, Bernard Séret, and William White.

Phage major coat protein

These bacteriophages are flexible rods, about one to two micrometres long and six nm in diameter, with a helical shell of protein subunits surrounding a DNA core.

Photopheresis

8-Methoxypsoralen irreversibly binds covalently to both strands of the DNA of nucleated cells following photoactivation.

Protocalliphora

The genus is affected by Wolbachia bacteria and it has been suggested that horizontal gene transfer may have led to the difficulty in separating species of Protocalliphora through DNA fingerprinting, with several species possessing identical mtDNA Cytochrome oxidase I sequences.

Robin Holliday

The main focus of his experimental work was the epigenetic control of gene expression by DNA methylation in CHO cells.

Rock pocket mouse

In 2003, scientists sampled DNA from both light- and dark-coloured rock pocket mice from areas in Pinacate Peaks, Mexico and New Mexico, USA.

Rosa fedtschenkoana

Recent DNA research has discovered that R. fedtschenkoana is one of the parents of the damask group of garden roses (the other species involved being R. moschata and R. gallica).

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

SERS can be used to target specific DNA and RNA sequences using a combination of gold and silver nanoparticles and Raman-active dyes, such as Cy3.

TDNA

Transfer DNA (or T-DNA), the transferred DNA of the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid of some species of bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Transaldolase deficiency

Direct sequence analysis of genomic DNA from blood can be used to perform a mutation analysis for the TALDO1 gene responsible for the Transaldolase enzyme.

Trichloroacetic acid

It is widely used in biochemistry for the precipitation of macromolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and RNA.

University of North Texas Health Science Center

It also conducts all DNA analysis for the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.

Vincent Clarkson

When Fancy came close to securing a DNA match identifying the Blackmailer as Vincent, Vincent attempted to strangle his sister, and eventually murdered a psychiatrist who had treated him earlier in life so as to keep his identity a secret.

Zulkifli Abdhir

The Malaysian government asked for official DNA comparison on what was believed to be Abdhir's body to the DNA of one of Abdhir's siblings.