X-Nico

40 unusual facts about Prussia


Alf Lüdtke

His article describes the idea that state violence under the feudal system was necessary to create a control amongst the Prussian working class in order to prepare them for the different structure of capitalist society.

Amlishagen Castle

The castle was finally bought by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher the Prussian Generalfeldmarschall who led his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 with the Duke of Wellington.

Anton von Schmerling

This brought him into opposition to the party of Prussian supremacy; and when they attained a majority, he resigned, and was succeeded by Heinrich von Gagern.

Bernhard Heinrich Overberg

In 1816 he was made a consistorial - and school counsellor, in 1823, honorary rector of the cathedral, and in 1826, shortly before his death, Oberconsistorialrat of the Evangelical Church in Prussia.

Budjak

Budjak was also home to a number of ethnic Germans known as Bessarabian Germans, originally from Württemberg and Prussia, who settled the region in the early 19th century, after it became part of the Russian Empire.

Charles Cornwallis Chesney

And in the Waterloo Lectures the Prussians are for the first time credited by an English pen with their proper share in the victory.

Congress of Hanover

The Austrians were preparing for a war with Prussia in which they would need France as allies, and so they had no wish to risk offending them.

Divorce

The Enlightened absolutist, King Frederick II ("the Great") of Prussia enshrined a new divorce law in 1752, in which marriage was declared to be a purely private concern, allowing divorce to be granted on the basis of mutual consent.

Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick

In Berlin, Ernst met and fell in love with the Emperor William II's only daughter, Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia.

Erwin Planck

In August 1939, a group including Prussian Finance Minister Johannes Popitz, Planck, and Reichsbank president Hjalmar Schacht approached General Georg Thomas, head of the Defence Economy and Armament Office asking him to do something to thwart the outbreak of the forthcoming war.

Eusebio Bava

Born at Vercelli, in 1806 he fought as a volunteer under the French flag against Prussia.

Francis Palmes

From February 1708 Palmes travelled extensively, undertaking mission to the United Provinces, Hanover, Prussia, Vienna and Savoy in order to concert measures with the allies.

François Hotman

His fame was such that overtures were made to him by the courts of Prussia and Hesse, and by Elizabeth I of England.

Germany–Greece relations

Greece and Prussia established diplomatic relations in 1834, the same year both countries exchanged embassies.

Germany–Holy See relations

In the mid-19th century, the Catholic Church was also seen as a political power, even in Protestant Prussia, exerting a strong influence on a fourth of the people.

Government Delegation for Poland

The Bureau's main task was to document the Polish claims on German lands east of the Oder river and the area of Prussia as well as planning of their post-war development.

Gustaf Douglas

Gustaf Archibald Siegwart Douglas (born 3 March 1938) is the oldest son of count Carl Ludvig Douglas (26 July 1908 Stjärnorp - 21 January 1961 Rio de Janeiro), a Swedish nobleman and diplomat who was Royal Swedish Ambassador to Brazil, and his Prussian wife Ottora Maria Haas-Heye (13 February 1910 Partenkirchen - 17 July 2001).

Hanoverian prince

Despite Hanover's annexation by Prussia in 1866, male-line descendants of George III continue to style themselves as a prince or princess of Hanover.

Heinrich Alexander von Arnim

Heinrich Alexander (from 1841 Freiherr) von Arnim(-Suckow) (born 13 February 1798 in Berlin; died 5 January 1861 in Düsseldorf) was a Prussian statesman.

Heinrich Wilhelm von Werther

Heinrich August Alexander Wilhelm von Werther (born 7 August 1772 in Königsberg; died 7 December 1859 in Berlin) was a Prussian diplomat and Foreign Minister from 1837 to 1841.

Iron armour

One well known example of cast-iron armour for land use is the Gruson turret, first tested by the Prussian government in 1868.

Jagiellonian University Medical College

The final Partition of Poland among Prussia, Russia and Austria in 1795 heralded a difficult period in which the fate of the University depended on European political alliances.

Johann Georg Ziesenis

On behalf of Duchess Philippine Charlotte of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, the sister of King Frederick II of Prussia, he had the opportunity to make a portrait of the regent in the period from 17 to 20 June 1763 at Castle Salzdahlum.

Johanna von Puttkamer

Johanna Friederike Charlotte Dorothea Eleonore von Puttkamer (11 April 1824 – 27 November 1894) was a Prussian noblewoman, also known as Johanna von Bismarck.

Kaliopa House

According to a legend, the house was bestowed upon the beautiful Kaliopa (born Maria Kalish), the wife of the Prussian consul Kalish, by the governor of the Danubian Vilayet, Midhat Pasha, who was in love with her.

Karl Ernst Jarcke

Karl Ernst Jarcke (10 November 1801, Danzig, Prussia – 27 December 1852, Vienna) was a German publisher and professor of criminal law, who took a conservative stance towards revolutionary movements in the early nineteenth century.

Kornel Ujejski

Ujejski was involved in Poland's struggle for independence after it had been partitioned and erased from the map of Europe by neighbouring countries (Russian Empire, Prussia and Austrian Empire).

Leichhardt Highway

It is named after Prussian explorer Ludwig Leichhardt who travelled a route in the 19th Century that roughly parallels today's highway.

Marie-Luise Gothein

Marie-Luise Gothein (1863–1931) was a Prussian scholar, gardener and author.

Military tradition

In Prussia and the German Empire, states relied on their own history as a state rather than as a regiment, while some specific regiments within elite formations did maintaining unit histories.

Musket Model 1777

7 million muskets were produced, including variants 1800 (an IX), 1816 and 1822, but not including muskets like the Austrian 1798 or the Prussian 1809, which were mere clones of the French 1777.

Neustadt, Ontario

John Weinert, a saddle maker from Prussia, moved into Neustadt in 1859 and proceeded to establish a tannery on the north side of William Street.

Ōshima Yoshimasa

In 1887 he became chief of staff of the Tokyo Garrison and following the reorganization of the Imperial Japanese Army under the advice of Prussian military advisor Jakob Meckel, he became chief of staff of the IJA 1st Division.

Oxapampa

In March 1857 a group of 300 Tyrolean and Prussian settlers, consisting mainly of poor peasant families and couples who weren't allowed to marry in their home countries, boarded the “Norton” to go to Peru.

Paul Wolff Metternich

Paul Graf Wolff Metternich zur Gracht (December 5, 1853 - 1934) was a Prussian and German ambassador in London (1901-1912) and Constantinople (1915-1916).

Rudolf von Scheliha

Scheliha was born in Zessel, Oels, Silesia (now Cieśle, Gmina Oleśnica, Poland), as the son of a Prussian squire.

Sønderborg Castle

After the war of 1864, the province and the castle became Prussian property and served as barracks from 1867 until the area was reunified with Denmark in 1920.

Staffort

During the 18th and 19th centuries nearly 100 inhabitants left the village to relocate in America, Austria, Denmark, Hungary, Jutland, Prussia, Russia, Serbia and Styria.

Sweden–Ukraine relations

Finally an agreement was signed between Sweden and three Ukrainian commanders (Ivan Bohun, the leader of the Ukrainian Protestants Yuri Nemyrych and Ivan Kovalivsky) on 6 October 1657 in Korsun where Sweden acknowledged the Ukrainian borders all the way to Wisła in the west and Prussia in the north.

Wojciech Bartosz Głowacki

Polish forces, 15,000 strong, were defeated by a combined Prussian and Russian army, some 27,000 strong.


Andrzej Wiszowaty, Jr.

It appears that Andrzej Jr. was born while his father Benedykt Wiszowaty was a Unitarian minister in Kosinowo, in the Duchy of Prussia.

Austro-Prussian War

The war left Prussia dominant in German politics (since Austria was now excluded from Germany and no longer the top German state), and German nationalism would compel the remaining independent states to ally with Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, and then to accede to the crowning of King Wilhelm as German Emperor.

Battle of Hennersdorf

The Battle of Hennersdorf, sometimes referred to as Catholic-Hennersdorf, was a minor encounter that took place on November 23, 1745 in Katholisch-Hennersdorf in Silesia (Prussia, present-day Poland) during the War of the Austrian Succession.

Berliner Singakademie

The Sing-Akademie zu Berlin is a musical (originally choral) society founded in Berlin in 1791 by Carl Friedrich Christian Fasch, harpsichordist to the court of Prussia, on the model of the 18th century London Academy of Ancient Music.

Bernhard Rode

His paintings include several works depicting, in various guises, the King of Prussia Frederick the Great, who ruled the Prussia during much of Rode's lifetime.

Bolesław Domański

Domański was a fighter for the rights of the Polish minority in Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia, at the time a Prussian province on the border of Germany and Poland, as well as for the rights of Polish emigrants in the Ruhr area.

Bruno Doehring

In 1906 Doehring was a pastor in Tiefensee in East Prussia, where he started a family and his son Johannes was born, and in 1908 he was a pastor in Fischau in West Prussia.

Bundesstraße 1

From the late 18th century onwards, parts of the route were rebuilt as a chaussee, mainly in the area between Aachen and Jülich as well as on the nearby territory of the County of Mark, promoted by the Brandenburg-Prussian administration under Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein.

Carl Severing

He was Interior Minister of Prussia from 1920 to 1926, Minister of the Interior from 1928 to 1930 and Interior Minister of Prussia again from 1930 to 1932.

Charles Sprague Pearce

He received medals at the Paris Salon and elsewhere, and was made Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor, decorated with the Order of Leopold, Belgium, the Order of the Red Eagle, Prussia, and the Order of the Dannebrog, Denmark.

Chief fireman

In imperial Prussia, the title was known as brandmeister (from German Brand - "fire" and Meister - literally "master") and was the police officer, the chief of one of city fire-fighting crews.

Christoph Hartknoch

Hartknoch's extensive scientific body of works contributed greatly to knowledge of Prussia, Pomerania, Samogitia, Courland, and Poland.

Dillinger Hütte

These developments brought the factory to the forefront as Prussia's largest black and tin plate producer.

Duchy of Oldenburg

In 1937 (with the Greater Hamburg Act), it lost the exclave districts of Eutin near the Baltic coast and Birkenfeld in southwestern Germany to Prussia and gained the City of Wilhelmshaven; however, this was a formality, as the Hitler régime had de facto abolished the federal states in 1934.

Eastland Company

By the first article, the company was erected into a body politic, under the title of the Company of Merchants of the East; to consist of Englishmen, all practicing merchants, who have trafficked through the sound, before the year 1568, into Norway, Sweden, Poland, Livonia, Prussia, Pomerania, etc., and likewise Revel, Königsberg, Dantzic, Copenhagen, etc., excepting Narva, Muscovy, and its dependencies.

Elbing, Kansas

The railroad wanted to call the town Regier but Mr. Regier suggested three other possibilities: Elbing, Danzig and Marienburg, all cities in Prussia where he had lived.

Fritz-Dietlof von der Schulenburg

In accordance with traditional Prussian noble practices, the children were at first strictly educated privately by a governess.

George Frederick Charles, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

Schloss Weferlingen had been assigned to his family as an appanage by King Frederick I of Prussia, after George Frederick Charles's heavily indebted father had renounced his succession rights to the Franconian Hohenzollern estates of Bayreuth and Ansbach in favour of Prussia in the Contract of Schönberg.

German town law

Magdeburg law was popular around the March of Meißen and Upper Saxony and was the source of several variants, including Neumarkt-Magdeburg law (Środa Śląska), used extensively in Upper Silesia, and Kulm law, used in the territory of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia and along the lower Vistula in Eastern Pomerania.

Hans Rosenberg

His work identified in the power structures and social relations of agrarian society in Prussia the roots of the authoritarian and undemocratic character of what he, with others, took to be the Sonderweg, or special path of modern German history.

Horst Caspar

In 1943 Caspar was engaged by the director Veit Harlan to play the young August Neidhardt von Gneisenau, who in 1807 defended the Prussian fortress town of Kolberg against the French during the Napoleonic Wars, in Kolberg, an epic film produced on the orders of Goebbels.

Jean-Baptiste Bernard Viénot de Vaublanc

Nevertheless, Jean-Baptiste makes it to Gambinen in Prussia, near Vilnius, Lithuania, before finally succumbing to the ravages of war.

Joe Gaetjens

His great-grandfather Thomas, a native of Bremen, had been sent to Haiti by Frederick William III, the King of Prussia, as a business emissary.

Johann Baptist Alzog

He defended with ardour the Archbishop of that city, Martin von Dunin, during his persecution by the Prussian government, became vicar-capitular, professor and regens at Hildesheim in 1845, and in 1853 was appointed to the chair of Church History in the University of Freiburg (Breisgau); at the same time he was appointed an ecclesiastical councillor (geistlicher Rat).

Kaiser-Walzer

The waltz was originally titled Hand in Hand and was intended as a toast made in August of that year by Austrian emperor Franz Josef on the occasion of his visit to the German Kaiser Wilhelm II where it was symbolic as a 'toast of friendship' extended by Austria to Germany.

Karl von Trier

On March 12, 1318 Karl accepted the position of Grand Master again during a general meeting in Erfurt, although he did not return to Prussia.

Killingworth locomotives

It was named after the Prussian general Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, who, after a speedy march, arrived in time to the battle of Waterloo and helped defeat Napoleon.

La Belle Alliance

Blücher, the Prussian commander, suggested that the battle should be remembered as la Belle Alliance, to commemorate the European Seventh Coalition of Britain, Russia, Prussia, the Netherlands, Sweden, Austria, Spain, Portugal, Sardinia, and a number of German States which had all joined the coalition to defeat the French Emperor.

Leser Landshuth

He went to Berlin as a youth to study Jewish theology, and there he became acquainted with Leopold Zunz and Abraham Geiger, the latter of whom was then staying in that city in order to become naturalized in Prussia.

Lord John series

Set in 1758, the story finds Lord John in Prussia serving as the English liaison officer to the First Regiment of Hanoverian Foot.

Max Saalmüller

Max Saalmüller (26 November 1832 in Römhild, Germany – 12 October 1890 in Bockenheim (Frankfurt am Main)) was a Prussian Lieutenant colonel and German entomologist.

Melbourne Hebrew Congregation

The 1850s saw the arrival of some 300 Jewish families from London and the Province of Posen, Prussia to Melbourne, prompting the construction of a new larger synagogue on the Bourke Street site.

Norway in 1814

He learned that Prussia and Austria were waning in their support of Sweden's claims to Norway, that Tsar Alexander I of Russia (a distant cousin of Christian Frederik's) favored a Swedish-Norwegian union but not with Bernadotte as the king, and that the United Kingdom was looking for a solution to the problem that would keep Norway out of Russia's influence.

Princess Irene

Princess Irene, Duchess of Aosta (1904 – 1974), daughter of Constantine I of Greece and his wife, the former Princess Sophie of Prussia

Queen Louise of Sweden

Louise of the Netherlands (1828–1871), daughter of Prince Frederick of the Netherlands and Princess Louise of Prussia (1808–1870); wife of Charles XV of Sweden

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Louisa Ulrika of Prussia (1720-1782), daughter of Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover; wife of Adolf Frederick, King of Sweden

Retterath

Under Prussian administration, Retterath was a municipality in the Bürgermeisterei (“Mayoralty”) of Kelberg in the Adenau district.

Rosita Spencer-Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough

She was born as Countess Rosita in Madrid, Spain, the younger daughter of Count Carl Douglas (1908-1961), a Swedish nobleman and diplomat who was Royal Swedish Ambassador to Brazil, and his Prussian wife Ottora Maria Haas-Heye (1910-2001), maternal granddaughter of Philip, Prince of Eulenburg and Hertefeld, by his wife Augusta, countess Sandels.

Royal Hanoverian State Railways

The Göttingen–Arenshausen and Northeim–Ellrich lines were not completed until after the transfer of the Hanoverian State Railways to Prussia after the War of 1866.

Rudolf Diels

Göring was made minister for Prussia in 1933, replacing Carl Severing, and was impressed with Diels' work and new-found commitment to the Nazi Party.

Sehestedt

In the course of the War of the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon, the Battle of Sehested was fought here between Danish forces and a coalition of Sweden, Prussia and Russia on 10 December 1813.

Third Partition of Poland

These Polish nationalists participated in uprisings against Austria, Prussia, and Russia in former Polish lands, and many would serve France as part of Napoleon’s armies.

William Rosenau

William Rosenau (1865, Wollstein, Province of Posen, Prussia - 1943, United States) was a leader of Reform Judaism in the beginning of the twentieth century in the United States.